International Journal of Life Sciences

Taxonomic status of scheduled species Saletata liberia (Cramer, 1779) from Great Nicobar islands (Pieridae : Lepidoptera)

Manpreet Kaur — 2023-12-31

The species Saletata liberia (Cramer, 1779), a scheduled species is distributed in Andaman and Nicobar islands. Previously this species was treated under the genus Appias Hunber. The present studies deals with its taxonomy including the details of its male which has been described and illustrated, and difference from genus Appias on basis of male genitalia have been discussed.

Plant diversity of ‘Lachundi/Lalchandi sacred grove’ of Purandar tehsil, Dist. Pune, Maharashtra, India

Bagdane Kailas Kacharu — 2023-12-31

The present study deals with plant diversity of the ‘Lachundi Devi/Lalchandi devi sacred grove of Pagewadi village, Purandar tehsil belonging to Pune District. The present scared grove is not reported by any researcher till date. The total area of the sacred grove is one hectare (10,000 Sq. M.). A rivulet consisting flowing water in rainy and winter season and stagnant water in summer makes the sacred grove significant. In present scared grove we found 140 angiospermic species. These 140 species belonging to 124 genera under 49 families. Sacred grove consists mostly herbaceous species, ephemerals followed by tree species, shrubs and climbers. Among 140 species, flowering and fruiting occur throughout the year in 14 species. Delphinium malbaricum (Huth) Munz., Argyria cuneata Ker-Gawl.and Vigna khandalensis (Sant.) R & W. belongs to threatened category.

Investigating the Optimal Concentration of Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. Extract on Paraquat Induced Oxidative Stress in Drosophila Melanogaster

Pranav Babu — 2023-12-31

Oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of a variety of chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s disease. Drosophila melanogaster is a commonly used model for oxidative stress as supplementation of the compound paraquat produces the respective model, which can be quantified through the use of a mortality assay. Intake of paraquat increased D. melanogaster mortality to 59.94% after two days of a 10 mM diet. When the extract derived from Trichosanthes dioica fruit, or the bitter gourd, was utilized as a potential antioxidant, oxidative stress-related mortality improved in a dose-dependent manner with treatment. The optimal concentration of the extract was found to be 1.0 mg/mL as it lowered mortality to 36.63%. The change in mortality between an oxidative stress model and one with treatment had statistically significant p-values when the dosage of T. dioica was greater than 0.04 mg/mL up to a dosage of 2100.0 mg/mL. The study not only underscores T. dioica fruit's antioxidant properties in vivo and establishes an ideal concentration for future studies involving the model D. melanogaster but also elucidates T. dioica as a potential candidate for treating a variety of oxidative stress-associated conditions.

Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Telomerase and Inducing Cellular Replicative Senescence in Cancer Treatment

Ishaan Gunjati — 2023-12-31

Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex which serves as a template for the addition of telomeric repeats to chromosome ends. Telomeres are protective caps on the ends of chromosomes. With every cell replication, a part of the telomere end is cleaved. Telomerase helps prevent over-shortening of the telomeres, allowing the cell to replicate indefinitely. Cellular replicative senescence can occur when the telomere caps have been cleaved to the point that the genome is at risk of degradation during replication. At this stage, the cell arrests its cell cycle and enters a dormant state. Cancer cells allow themselves to replicate indefinitely by increasing telomerase expression, preventing them from entering senescence. By decreasing telomerase expression in cancer cells, we can force them to enter senescence and limit their ability to proliferate, which can be a viable treatment option. In order to find viable treatment options, we need to compare the relationship between telomerase expression and cellular senescence between different treatments. In this paper, we discuss treatment options and their effectiveness of decreasing telomerase expression and triggering cellular senescence in cancer cells.

Vertical Farming: Creating an Accessible and Sustainable Future

Noah Joshi — 2023-12-31

Vertical farming is becoming an increasingly prominent industry in today’s world of sustainability. With decreasing land availability, agriculturalists are looking to build farms upward to maximize efficient use of space. However, this industry is expensive and inaccessible to many people due to the dominance of urban lifestyles. This project explores the roles of the engineering and design process in manufacturing more accessible vertical farms in the US through sustainable practices. The vertical farming industry is becoming increasingly advanced through methods such as controlled environment agriculture and technology to optimize growth factors such as lighting through data capture, real-time feedback, and automated farming systems. This paper considers factors that will contribute to reducing the carbon footprint of vertical farms, making them more sustainable and accessible to the public. This experiment uses easily accessible materials to design a practical at-home hydroponic garden for growers, applying sustainable practices and technologies to enhance the farming process. The vertical garden, which will produce lettuce and strawberries, will generate a significantly lower carbon footprint than a conventional farm while still effectively producing edible food. This paper analyzes the cost and resource efficiency of an at-home vertical farm system and how this compares to conventional soil methods.

Comparative Analysis of Biochemical parameters of Mysids from Coastal, Estuarine and Saltpan waters

Dilip V. Nakhwa — 2023-12-31

Mysids or opossum shrimps are component of zooplankton composition which is used for human consumption. Mesopodopsisorientalis is a common mysid of the shallow coastal waters of India. Mysids have high calorific values. The hard parts of animals consist of a variety of minerals, some of which occur in static organs (statocysts) as components of the static bodies, statoliths, or otoliths.Salt pan mysids found more nutritionally rich than estuarine and coastal water mysids respectively. However, Nutritional parameters as Fat found more in coastal water mysids,whereas in Estuarine waters mysids are Protein, Carbohydrate,Magnesium, Iron and in Salt pan waters Carbohydrate, Sodium andPotassium. But some nutritional parameters not detected in all waters mysids viz, coastal, estuarine and salt pan are Sugar,Trance fatty acids, Cholesterol and Vitamin A.Since, Salt pan mysids are more nutritionally rich than estuarine and coastal water mysids respectively, it is recommended that salt pan mysids will be preferred for culturing which could be more resultant for effective use of live feed for fishes of different ecological waters.

Floral malformation in pearl millet due to downy mildew infection leads to changes in the metabolite profiles in inflorescence florets

J Samanth Kumar — 2023-12-31

Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is an important cereal and forage crop in arid and subtropical regions of the Indian subcontinent as well as several African regions. One of the major constraints for its production is the ‘green ear’ or ‘downy mildew’ disease caused by the oomycetous, biotrophic, obligate pathogen Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc.) Schroet. wherein extensive floral malformation leads to conversion of inflorescence to vegetative structures. To understand the mechanism of this malformation in the present study the comparative metabolite profiling was carried out. The metabolites from florets of normal and malformed inflorescence were extracted and subjected to HRLC-MS/MS and HRGC-MS/MS analysis to identify the different metabolites present. The results indicate several secondary metabolites as well as phytohormones such as salicylic acid and gibberellic acid to be present in different levels in these two florets indicating their possible roles in the process of floral malformation in pearl millet.

Seasonal variations in aquatic Avian diversity of Gauri Sarovar, Bhind District, (M. P.), India

Jitendra singh kirar kirar — 2023-12-31

Seasonal diversity of aquatic avifauna was studied in Gauri Sarovar, Bhind District, Madhya Pradesh (India) from October 2021 to September 2022 to study the impact of seasonal variations in the aquatic avifaunal diversity. A total of 70 bird species, belonging to 11 orders and 26 families were observed and identified. The maximum aquatic bird species were observed in the winter season while minimum in the rainy season. Out of 70 aquatic bird species, 67 species were found in winter season, 62 species in summer and 48 species in rainy season. Charadriiformes was the most dominant order, represented by 17 species followed by Passeriformes, represented by 16 species. This study will definitely help to prepare a seasonal checklist of aquatic bird species.

Keywords: Aquatic bird, Gauri Sarovar, Bhind district, seasonal variations.

Wood-Rotting Fungi from Phulambri Taluka, District Aurangabad (Maharashtra) India.

Vijay Gore — 2023-12-31

In present investigation sixty-nine specimens were collected from various regions of Phlumbari Taluka Aurangabad District (Maharashtra) India, from that 21 species were identified according to morphological and microscopic character, belongs to 18 genera and 21 species. It was observed that Auricularia mesenterica, Cellulariella acuta, Daldinia concentrica, Flavodon flavus, Ganoderma lucidum, Lopharia cinerascens, Macrocybe pachymeres, Navisporus floccosus, Phellinus badius, Pluteus cervinus, Schizophyllum commune, Truncospora tephropora and Xylaria multiplex were most abundantly found while, Auricularia delicata, Favolus roseus, Ganoderma australe, Leucocoprinus fragilissimus, Phellinus allardii, Pleurocybella sp.1, Pycnoporus sanguineus and Tremella mesenterica are rarely observed macro-fungi.

Study on Inter-relation between Zooplankton and physico-chemical parameter of Yaldari Dam, Parbhani (M.S.), India

Walale MP — 2023-12-31

The inert- relation between Physico-chemical parameters and Zooplankton diversity of Yaldari Dam Parbhani (M.S.) study during the Jan 2019 to Dec 2019. The distribution and diversity of zooplankton in aquatic ecosystem depends mainly on the physico-chemical properties of water. Zooplankton have been considered as ecological importance organisms. The zooplankton community in Yeldari Dam is comprised of rotifer, Cladocera, Copepoda and Ostracoda. Total 34 species and 29 genera of zooplankton obtained in this study, out of that number of species rotifer are 18, Cladocera 8, Copepods 5 and 3 Otracodes are found during study period. A percentage comparison among the various zooplankton species reveals that the rotifers were the dominant group forming 52.94% of the zooplankton followed by cladocerans are 23.52 %, copepods representing 14.7% each. This was followed by Ostracoda representing 8.82% of the total zooplankton. Thus, each group of zooplankters preferred to reach their peak in different months of the year.

Impact of temperature variations on Glycogen content of freshwater fish, Oreochromis mossambicus from Nanded (MS) Region

Pallavi N Chavan — 2023-12-31

The present work deals with the effect of temperature on glycogen content of freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus. The fishes were exposed to different temperatures such as 20°C, 24°C, 28°C 32°C, 36°C and 40°C for 96-hour exposure. The result reveals that the amount of glycogen content in the tissues like liver and muscles of fish were steadily decrease at higher temperature as compared to control set. It might be due to excess energy is utilized as anaerobic glycolysis enhanced due to temperature stress. The results obtained plotted graphically and discussed in detail.

A study on Biodiversity of insects from Achalpur City, Maharashtra, India

Khadse TA — 2023-12-31

The present study was an attempt to study the biodiversity of insect from different parts of Achalpur City. The insect fauna is rich in the study area. Total 45 species from 24 families were obtained during the sampling from July to August. They are from the families of Papiliondae, Lycaenidae, Piperidae, Nymphalidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae, Scarabaidae, Ceranbycidae, Dynastinae, Hydrophilidae, Dytiscidae, Hymenoptera, Psammochoridae, Apidae, Pyrrhocoridae, Pentatomidae, Cicadidae, Tettigonia, Acridae, Phasmatodea, Mantidae, (Aeshnidae, Lestidae, Hermerobiidae. Out of 45, 22 butterflies, 4 moths, 5 beetles, 3 wasps, 4 bugs, 4 grasshoppers and 3 Dragon flies and lacewings were recorded. Based on the data total number of insects and the percentage of insect family in the Achalpur city were also calculated.

Aeromycological Survey of Vegetable and Fruit Market of Udgir, Latur, Maharashtra, India

Nagpurne VS — 2023-12-31

Aerosols consists of fungal spores, pollen grains, bacteria, viruses, insects, protozoa, hypal fragments and many other unidentified particles were found in this market area. In vegetable and fruits market environment aeromycoflora contains mostly fungal spores which cause the diseases to fruit and vegetable and the various allergies to human beings. Aeromycological Survey was carried out in the vegetable market of Udgir region using Rotorod air sampler for the period of one year. Total 20 fungal forms were recorded during the study period. Aspergillus (10.719), Rhizopus (9.820), Exosporium (6.500) and Sporidesmium (5.394) were recorded as the predominant forms whereas Alternaria, Penicillium, heterosporium etc. were found with comparatively low concentration. It was observed the concentration of the spores in the air differ from season to season probably due to variation in meteorological parameters. The most common fungi identified were species of Fusarium, Curvularia, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Exosporium. The composition and concentration of fungal spores considerably varied from season to season probably due to variation in meteorological parameters. During winter season it shows higher number of fungal colonies than rainy season and less number of fungal colonies is recorded in summer season.

Effect of VAM inoculation on vegetative growth in Carum carvi L(Shah Jira)

Jagtap SS — 2023-12-31

"Shah jire" Carum carvi L is an important medicinal and spice herb belonging to family Apiaceae. The herb has historically been utilised as food and medicinal for both people and animals. Given its significance, the current research was done to examine the effects of VAM Glomus fasciculatum on growth parameters. Positive outcomes were seen for several vegetative growth parameters. VAM increases plant's ability to absorb phosphate, which enhances growth and development. The findings of the current study make it abundantly evident that Carum carvi L.reacts well to mycorrhizal inoculation in a pot environment.

Effectiveness and Relative Efficiency of Mutagens in Coriandrum sativum Linn.

Salve KM — 2022-12-31

Effectiveness is a measure of gene mutation in relation to dose and efficiency is a phrase used to evaluate biological effects in plants such as mortality, damage, and sterility. In the present investigation, EMS treatment was found to be most effective mutagen in Coriandrum sativum L. as compared to Gamma rays. The order of effectiveness and efficiency of the mutagens were EMS > GR. The decrease in effectiveness with increasing concentrations of mutagens produced the biological damage like lethality and pollen sterility.