Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Floral Morphology and Pollen Viability in Two Varieties of Pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Keywords:
Floral characters, pollen viability, irradiation, sensitivity, mutagens, genotypeAbstract
Mutation breeding by using radiations has been proved to be an important tool in introducing different desirable characters of agronomic values. Irradiation of plant materials by gamma rays is widely used to induce mutations at the genetic level which encounter with number of biochemical processes leading to the desirable changes in the genotype. Seeds of two varieties of Pea i.e. P. sativum var. hortense (garden pea) and P. sativum var. arvense (field pea) were exposed to different doses of gamma irradiation to evaluate the effect on morphological, floral characters and pollen viability. Gamma irradiation mostly has adverse effect on floral characters and pollen viability. It has been apparent from the data that different floral parts in both the varieties are showing dose dependent reducing trends. Lower doses of gamma irradiation are found to be enhancing the number of pollen grains produced in the anther. Pollen-ovule ratio has shown significant increase in var. hortense except in 200 Gy dose. Data on present studies has reveled that genotype of var. arvense is more sensitive to gamma irradiation than var. hortense.
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