Unveiling Breast Cancer ChemoPreventive Phytochemicals: GC-MS Profiling and Antioxidant Potentials of Indigofera longiracemosa Boivin ex Baill
Keywords:
Phytochemicals, Antioxidant activity, DPPH Assay, IC50, GC-MS, ChemopreventiveAbstract
High recovery of various phytochemicals, such as alkaloids, terpenoids, fatty acids, and phenylpropanoids, was confirmed by acetone extraction of 400 g of plant material, yielding 60 g of crude extract (15% w/w). Strong antioxidant activity was demonstrated by the DPPH radical scavenging assay, which showed concentration-dependent absorbance decline (0.431-0.171) and % RSA increase (53.7-80.3%) at 20-100 µg/ml; linear regression (Y=0.336X+46.89; R²=0.993) determined IC50=9.25 µg/ml, which was better than the BHT standard (IC50=12 µg/ml; Y=0.384X+45.392; R²=0.9999). Alpha-linolenic acid (9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid), phytol, neophytadiene, trans-indigo, 1H-indole-2,3-dione, and alpha-tocopherol-β-D-mannoside, many of which have been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and anticancer effects relevant to breast cancer via apoptosis induction, proliferation inhibition, and oxidative stress modulation. This phytochemical synergy highlights the extract's multi-target potential against oxidative damage and carcinogenesis, positioning it as a promising chemopreventive candidate.
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