Environmental sustainability for ‘Viksit Bharat’: exploring the role of Vedic literature in shaping ecological consciousness

Abstract

India’s aspiration to become ‘Viksit Bharat’ (Developed India) by 2047 requires an integrated approach that harmonises economic progress with environmental sustainability. This research paper explores the profound ecological consciousness embedded within Vedic literature and its relevance to contemporary sustainability challenges. The Vedas emphasise the interconnectedness of all life forms, advocating for reverence toward nature and sustainable resource management. Ancient Indian literature fosters environmental consciousness by depicting the human-nature relationship, critiquing ecological degradation, and advocating conservation ethics. Through hymns, philosophical discourses, and poetic traditions, these ancient texts emphasise environmental stewardship as essential for societal well-being. By exploring Vedic texts and their interpretations, this paper highlights how ancient wisdom can shape contemporary environmental policies and drive sustainable development strategies. The principles of Rta (cosmic order), Dharma (duty), and Ahimsa (non-violence) provide ethical foundations for conservation and ecological balance. This paper also examines how Indian literary traditions have consistently reinforced environmental consciousness, advocating for the protection of natural resources. Integrating Vedic ecological principles into modern governance, education, and policy frameworks can contribute to a sustainable development model for Viksit Bharat. India can cultivate a holistic and resilient sustainability framework by fostering an environmental ethos rooted in ancient wisdom and contemporary literature. This research paper argues that ecological awareness, conservation ethics, and sustainable living, guided by Vedic and literary traditions, are essential for achieving a balanced, ecologically conscious, developed India by 2047.