Diversity and Distribution of Pholcidae (Araneae: Araneomorphae: Arachnida) in India
Keywords:
Pholcidae, cellar spiders, daddy long-legs spiders, faunal diversity, checklistAbstract
The present article deals with the faunal diversity and distribution of one of the spider family Pholcidae (Araneae: Arachnida), commonly known as cellar spiders, daddy long-legs spiders, carpenter spiders, vibrating spiders, etc., in different Indian states and union territories and provides an update checklist based on the literature published up to April 18, 2021. It includes 20 species of spiders described under 12 genera in 26 states (except Nagaland and Tripura) and 3 union territories (Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry), out of which 5 species are endemic. In India, Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805 is the largest genus consisting of 6 species. The records demonstrated that only 4 species of these spiders are distributed widely: Crossopriza lyoni (Blackwall, 1867) (22 Indian states, 1 union territory), Artema atlanta Walckenaer, 1837 (17 Indian states, 2 union territories), Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) (15 Indian states, 3 union territories) and Smeringopus pallidus (Blackwall, 1858) (9 Indian states, 2 union territories). Maximum 9 species of these spiders were recorded in Karnataka followed by 8 species in Kerala. Despite their role as insect predators and being crucial to the health of terrestrial ecosystems, none of the species recorded in India is listed in IUCN Red List.
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