Aflatoxins and their effects on fish health
Keywords:
Aflatoxins, Aflatoxicosis, immunosuppressive effects, Growth, Survival, Vital organsAbstract
Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites produced mainly by two molds A. Flavus and A. parasiticus. The molds grow on a variety of imprope-rly stored foods such as Aflatoxin B1 is the most potent of all known aflatoxins and causes severe toxicity known as aflatoxicosis in a variety of animals including human beings who consume contamina-ted foods. Aflatoxicosis is found in fish also and is a matter of great concern for aquaculture industry worldwide. Aflatoxicosis in fish depends upon the species, dose of the toxin as well as the time of exposure. Aflatoxin B1 produces various effect on fish such as retard-ed growth, increased mortality, liver and kidney disfunction, immune-suppression. Long exposure to aflatoxin B1 causes hepatocellular sarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in fish. This review focuses on resources, production, and control measures of aflatoxins to ensure fish safety. The review is informative for research experts in the fields.
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