Effect of Syzigium cumuni seed powder on histoarchitecture & ultrastructure of reproductive organ (testis) of diabetic Swiss albino mice

Abstract

The aim of study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of Syzigium cumuni seed powder on histoarchitecture and ultrastructure of reproductive organ (testis) of diabetic male mice Mus musculus Hyperglycemic condition was induced in male mice by injecting Alloxan Monohydrate leading to deficiency in insulin secretion. Fixed dose of Syzigium cumuni seed powder were given along with food for three weeks. Histoarchitecture and SEM of testis of control, diabetic and  syzigium cumuni fed mice tissue were observed at a regular interval. Syzigium cumuni seed powder restores the histoarchitecture of pancreatic β cells and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic insulin. Syzigium cumuni seed powder treatment increased the number of spermatogenic cell in mice of Group-III when compared to that of diabetic animals Group-II. The Testis configuration was restored and Leydig cells were rejuvenated in Syzigium cumuni seed powder treated diabetic group after 21 days. The spermatogenic cells are seen to be recovered after treatment in stipulated dose. Ultra-structure of Testes among control groups animals (Group-I) after 21-day exposure and recovery periods have been observed. Ultra-structure of reproductive organ (Testis) of Hyperglycemic group animals (Group-II) after 21-day exposure and recovery periods has been observed. Ultra-structure of reproductive organ (Testis) of treated group animal (Group-III) after 21 day exposure and recovery period has been observed.In the surface electron micrograph of control section stages of spermatogenesis were clearly seen as in control animals. Spermatozoa were in groups, attached to the inner portion of the lumen of the seminiferous tubules. In the present study, ultra-micrograph of Testis treated with alloxan monohydrate induced diabetes group of animals after 21 day showed substantive damages in normal ultra-histological architecture. The complete cessation of spermatogenesis was observed and seminiferous tubules were lack of spermatozoa. Spermatogenic cells were disrupted and were seen as a lump in the seminiferous tubules under the scanning electron microscope. Some spermatogenic cells were highly eosinophilic, with shrinking cytoplasm and some had deep-staining pycnotic nuclei denoting cell death. Cytoplasmic vacuolization, cellular infiltration of acute inflammatory cells was seen in diabetic mice (Group-II) and it is found to be pronounced with after 21 days. Syzigium cumuni seed powder treatment increased the number of spermatogenic cell in mice of Group- III when compared to that of diabetic animals Group II, it was found to be increased with the exposure periods. The Testis configuration was retained and Leydig cells were almost rejuvenated in Syzigium cumuni seed powder treated diabetic group of days 21. Some abnormal Leydig cells are also present in few slides of days 21. The spermatogenic cells are seen to be recovered & glucose level were found to return to their normal levels.        

Keywords: Hyperglycemia, Histoarchitecture, Ultrastructure, Spermatogenesis, Syzigium cumuni.