Extracellular vesicles secreted by human mesenchymal stem cells affect cell viability after exposure to amyloid beta oligomers
Keywords:
Human mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, amyloid beta 42 oligomers, Alzheimer's disease, cell viabilityAbstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes decreased memory and thinking, eventually to the inability to carry out simple daily tasks. This is due to the increase in destruction of cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by human stem cells for intercellular communications have been known to have therapeutic effects because of their delivery of cargo, which includes the biological macromolecules such as protein and microRNA. In this study, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured, and the extracellular vesicles isolated from hMSC media were characterized. Some hMSCs were then treated with amyloid beta 42 oligomers (a hallmark of ALzheimer’s disease) and some contained both amyloid beta 42 oligomers and extracellular vesicles. Then live/dead assay was performed to compare and evaluate the viability of cells with amyloid beta 42 oligomers that were and were not treated with extracellular vesicles. The hypothesis was that hMSC-EVs are able to restore cell viability after exposure to Aβ42. Since there was a noticeable increase in cell viability in cells treated with extracellular vesicles, this study can potentially advance the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
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