The Neuroscience of Music: How Music Can Influence Brain Health And Functioning

Authors

  • Sanvi Gupta Dougherty Valley High School

Keywords:

neuroscience, audition, musical processing, musical interventions, neuroplasticity

Abstract

 

(this has been added to the article text document as well)

Abstract

Music is a form of entertainment that has been instrumental in human culture. This literature review aims to highlight the additional aspects music impacts in modern-day life from its biological effects on brain health and functioning. Many studies cite music’s wide range of effects to promote mental well-being for various ailments and induce neuroplasticity in individuals who are musically trained. These discoveries have brought about the fields of music medicine and music therapy for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and depression. These interventions can additionally work with neurodivergent populations to improve abilities, such as verbal communication for individuals with autism. Medical imaging studies have revealed neuroplastic changes in musically trained individuals, providing them with enhanced auditory and speech processing. Future studies are encouraged to examine the greater relationship between music and human productivity and vitalize the integration of music into various societal sectors to bring positive change to them. Music is truly an asset to human functioning, one that is yet to be fully explored and used for its full value.

Keywords: neuroscience, audition, musical processing, musical interventions, neuroplasticity

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Sanvi Gupta, Dougherty Valley High School

Sanvi Gupta is an accomplished high school researcher, interested in the interdisciplinary field of neuroscience. She is a bibliometric research intern at the non-profit ThinkNeuro, a student in the  Stanford Neuroscience Journal Club, and she recently conducted a survey-based experiment on sleep deprivation among students at her high school for which she gave a TEDx talk at her school and won a Reserach Award from her city's rotary club. She is currently exploring the intersectionality of neuroscience and music for medical applications, as she has been a dedicated pianist for the last 10 years and has committed herself to pursuing a career in neurological medicine. 

References

Aalbers, S., Fusar-Poli, L., Freeman, R. E., Spreen, M., Ket, J. C., Vink, A. C., Maratos, A., Crawford, M., Chen, X.-J., & Gold, C. (2017). Music therapy for depression. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2017(11).https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd004517.pub3

Abhang, P. A., Gawali, B. W., & Mehrotra, S. C. (2016). Technological Basics of EEG Recording and Operation of Apparatus. Introduction to EEG- and Speech-Based Emotion Recognition, 19-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804490-2.00002-6

American Music Therapy Association AMTA member sourcebook. The Association (1998). retrieved from: https://www.musictherapy.org/.

American Psychiatric Association.Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th (DSM-5) edition. Arlington (VA): American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013

Araghi, S. O., Jeekel, J., M Reiss, I. K., & Myriam Hunink, M. G. (2016). Do Hospitalized Premature Infants Benefit from Music Interventions? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. PLoS ONE, 11(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161848

Baron, R. S. (1986). Distraction-Conflict Theory: Progress and Problems. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 19, 1-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60211-7

Bieleninik Ł., Ghetti C., Gold C. Music therapy for preterm infants and their parents: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2016;

Bleibel, M., El Cheikh, A., Sadier, N. S., & Abou-Abbas, L. (2023). The effect of music therapy on cognitive functions in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-023-01214-9

Breijyeh, Z., & Karaman, R. (2020). Comprehensive Review on Alzheimer’s Disease: Causes and Treatment. Molecules, 25(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245789

Brodal, H. P., Osnes, B., & Specht, K. (2017). Listening to Rhythmic Music Reduces Connectivity within the Basal Ganglia and the Reward System. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 11, 225412. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00153

c, A. M., & Koelsch, S. (2022). The promise of music therapy for Alzheimer's disease: A review. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1516(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14864

Chen, B., Linke, A., Olson, L., Ibarra, C., Reynolds, S., Müller, A., Kinnear, M., & Fishman, I. (2021). Greater functional connectivity between sensory networks is related to symptom severity in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 62(2), 160. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13268

Cooper, B. B. (2013, November 20). 8 surprising ways music affects and benefits our brains. Buffer. https://buffer.com/resources/music-and-the-brain/

Davis W.B., Gfeller K.E. Music therapy: Historical perspective. In: Davis W.B., Gfeller K.E., Thaut M.H., editors. Introduction to Music Therapy: Theory and Practice. 3rd ed. American Music Therapy Association; Silverspring, MD, USA: 2008. pp. 17–39.

Depressive disorder (depression). (2023, March 21). World Health Organization, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/en /

Fink, J. L. W. (n.d.). Why — and how — music moves us. Pfizer. https://www.pfizer.com/news/articles/why_and_how_music_moves_us#:~:text=The%20 limbic%20system%2C%20which%20is,when%20our%20 years%20 perceive%20music.&text=The%20chills%20you%20 feel%20when,of%20 pleasure%20and%20 well%2dBeing

Geipel, J., Koenig, J., Hillecke, T. K., Resch, F., & Kaess, M. (2018). Music-based interventions to reduce internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Journal of affective disorders, 225, 647–656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.035

Geretsegger, M., Elefant, C., Mössler, K. A., & Gold, C. (2014). Music therapy for people with autism spectrum disorder. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd004381.pub3

Geretsegger, M., Fusar-Poli, L., Elefant, C., Mössler, K. A., Vitale, G., & Gold, C. (2022). Music therapy for autistic people. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 5(5), CD004381. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004381.pub4

Goltz, F., & Sadakata, M. (2021). Do you listen to music while studying? A portrait of how people use music to optimize their cognitive performance. Acta Psychologica, 220, 103417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103417

Halford, G. S., Cowan, N., & Andrews, G. (2007). Separating Cognitive Capacity from Knowledge: A New Hypothesis. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(6), 236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2007.04.001

He, J., Wong, C., & Hui, N. (2017). Emotional Reactions Mediate the Effect of Music Listening on Creative Thinking: Perspective of the Arousal-and-Mood Hypothesis. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01680

Hyde, K. L., Lerch, J., Norton, A., Forgeard, M., Winner, E., Evans, A. C., & Schlaug, G. (2009). Musical training shapes structural brain development. The Journal of Neuroscience, 29(10), 3019-3025. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.5118-08.2009

Jantzen, M. G., Howe, B. M., & Jantzen, K. J. (2014). Neurophysiological evidence that musical training influences the recruitment of right hemispheric homologues for speech perception. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 55902. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00171

Jellison, J. A., & Draper, E. A. (2014). Music Research in Inclusive School Settings. Journal of Research in Music Education. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022429414554808

Koelsch, S., Boehlig, A., Hohenadel, M., Nitsche, I., Bauer, K., & Sack, U. (2016). The impact of acute stress on hormones and cytokines, and how their recovery is affected by music-evoked positive mood. Scientific reports, 6, 23008. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23008

Kristjánsdóttir, Ó., & Kristjánsdóttir, G. (2011). Randomized clinical trial of musical distraction with and without headphones for adolescents' immunization pain. Scandinavian journal of caring sciences, 25(1), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2010.00784.x

Küssner, M. B. (2017). Eysenck's Theory of Personality and the Role of Background Music in Cognitive Task Performance: A Mini-Review of Conflicting Findings and a New Perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 301976. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01991

Leubner, D., & Hinterberger, T. (2017). Reviewing the Effectiveness of Music Interventions in Treating Depression. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 236680. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01109

Lim H. A. (2010). Effect of "developmental speech and language training through music" on speech production in children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of music therapy, 47(1), 2–26. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmt/47.1.2

Lim, H. A., & Draper, E. (2011). The effects of music therapy incorporated with applied behavior analysis verbal behavior approach for children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of music therapy, 48(4), 532–550. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmt/48.4.532

Maenner, M. J., Shaw, K. A., Baio, J., Washington, A., Patrick, M., DiRienzo, M., Christensen, D. L., Wiggins, L. D., Pettygrove, S., Andrews, J. G., Lopez, M., Hudson, A., Baroud, T., Schwenk, Y., White, T., Rosenberg, C. R., Lee, L.-C., Harrington, R. A., Huston, M., . . . Daniels, J. L. (2020) Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, united states, 2016. MMWR. Surveillance Summaries, 69(4), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6904a1

Maguire M. (2015). Music and its association with epileptic disorders. Progress in brain research, 217, 107–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.11.023

McCollum, S. (2019, September 5). Your brain on music: The sound system between your ears (L. Resnick, Ed.). The Kennedy Center. https://www.kennedy-center.org/education/resources-for-educators/classroom-resources/media-and-interactives/media/music/your-brain-on-music/your-brain-on-music/your-brain-on-music-the-sound-system-between-your-ears/

Micheyl C, Perrot X, Collet L. Relationship between auditory intensity discrimination in noise and olivocochlear efferent system activity in humans. Behav Neurosci. 1997;111(4):801-7.doi: 10.1037/0735-7044.111.4.801

Milton D.Difference versus disability: implications of characterisation of autism for education and support. In: Jordan R, Roberts JM, Hume K, editors(s). Handbook of Autism and Education. London (UK): Sage, 2019:3-11

Moossavi, A., & Gohari, N. (2019). The impact of music on auditory and speech processing. Auditory and Vestibular Research. https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v28i3.1219

Muchnik C, Ari-Even Roth D, Othman-Jebara R, PutterKatz H, Shabtai EL, Hildesheimer M. Reduced medial olivocochlear bundle system function in children with auditory processing disorders. Audiol Neurootol. 2004;9(2):107-14. doi:10.1159/000076001

Møller, A. S., Odell-Miller, H., & Wigram, T. (2002). Indications in Music Therapy: Evidence from Assessment That Can Identify the Expectations of Music Therapy as a Treatment for Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD); Meeting the Challenge of Evidence-Based Practice. British Journal of Music Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1177/135945750201600104

Nelken, I. (2011). Music and the Auditory Brain: Where is the Connection? Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 5, 11796. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2011.00106

Nguyen, T. N., Nilsson, S., Hellström, A. L., & Bengtson, A. (2010). Music therapy to reduce pain and anxiety in children with cancer undergoing lumbar puncture: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of pediatric oncology nursing: official journal of the Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses, 27(3), 146–155. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043454209355983

Olszewska, A. M., Gaca, M., Herman, A. M., Jednoróg, K., & Marchewka, A. (2021). How Musical Training Shapes the Adult Brain: Predispositions and Neuroplasticity. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 15, 630829. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.630829

Oxenham A. J. (2012). Pitch perception. The Journal of neuroscience: the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 32(39), 13335–13338. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3815-12.2012

Padmasiri, D. (2014). The effect of music listening on work performance: A case study of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 3(5). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280713382

Pater, M., Spreen, M., & Yperen, T. van. (2022). Music therapy for children on the autism spectrum: Improved social interaction observed by multiple informants across different social contexts. Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 32(1), 29–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/08098131.2022.2046628

Patyczek, A., Bonetti, L., & Vuust, P. (2021). An ALE meta-analytic review of top-down and bottom-up processing of music in the brain. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00139-3

Riggs, L. (2009). The impact of music on auditory and speech processing. NACD. Retrieved July 24, 2024, from https://www.nacd.org/auditory-processing-what-is-it-hearing-vs-processing/

Sanseverino, D., Caputo, A., Cortese, C. G., & Ghislieri, C. (2022). "Don't Stop the Music," Please: The Relationship between Music Use at Work, Satisfaction, and Performance. Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 13(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13010015

Sound – wave interference. (2019, September 13). Science Learning Hub.Retrieved July 21, 2024, from https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/2816-sound-wave-inerference

Stegemann T, Geretsegger M, Phan Quoc E, Riedl H, Smetana M. Music Therapy and Other Music-Based Interventions in Pediatric Health Care: An Overview. Medicines (Basel). 2019 Feb 14;6(1):25. doi: 10.3390/medicines6010025. PMID: 30769834; PMCID: PMC6473587.

Strong, J. V., Arnold, M., Schneider, L., Perschl, J., Villringer, A., & Fritz, T. H. (2022). Enhanced Short-Term Memory Function in Older Adults with Dementia Following Music-Feedback Physical Training: A Pilot Study. Brain sciences, 12(9), 1260. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12091260

Tang, Q., Huang, Z., Zhou, H., & Ye, P. (2020). Effects of music therapy on depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLOS ONE, 15(11), e0240862. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240862

Tarasau, H., & Thapaliya, A. (2020). Influence of listening to music on the emotional state of programmers: Preliminary study. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1694(1), 012013. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1694/1/012013

Wang, F., Huang, X., Zeb, S., Liu, D., & Wang, Y. (2022). Impact of Music Education on Mental Health of Higher Education Students: Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 938090. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.938090

Warren, Jason. "How Does the Brain Process Music?" Clinical Medicine, vol. 8, no. 1, Feb. 2008, pp. 32-36, https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.8-1-32.

Wu, C. C., & Shih, Y. N. (2019). The effects of background music on the work attention performance between musicians and non-musicians. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 27(1), 201–205. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2018.1558854

Downloads

Published

2024-09-30

How to Cite

Gupta, S. (2024). The Neuroscience of Music: How Music Can Influence Brain Health And Functioning. International Journal of Life Sciences, 12(3), 257–268. Retrieved from https://ijlsci.in/ls/index.php/home/article/view/943