Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Periodontal Disease - A current update on the biologic link
Biologic Link Between Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Periodontal Disease
Keywords:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome, Periodontal disease, systemic inflammatory burden, oxidative stress, subgingival microbiotaAbstract
Periodontal disease (PD), one of the most important reason for tooth loss is a chronic inflammatory condition. Multiple systemic conditions such as type 2 Diabetes mellitus, sex hormonal imbalances, nutritional deficiencies are known to impact the periodontal health. One such condition which has garnered reasonable interest is Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). PCOS also being a chronic inflammatory condition, has increasing global prevalence amongst women under reproductive age group of 18-35 years. The increasing incidence of PCOS is attributed to poor lifestyle habits and stress leading to infertility in women. PCOS women with periodontal disease presented with significantly higher levels gingival and periodontal inflammation presenting as clinical attachment loss when compared to healthy women. Both PCOS and PD share some common risk factors which could increase the risk of developing the disease. Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance seen in PCOS paves the basis for this biology link. This result increase in alteration in subgingival microbiota and increase in inflammatory burden thereby worsening the periodontal disease. This review aims at understanding the mechanistic pathways underlying the disease based on the current scientific literature.
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