3, 5-Dichloroanthranilic acid (DCA) - an elicitor induces systemic resistance against downy mildew in pearl millet
Keywords:
DCA, Pearl Millet, S. graminicola, PAL, LOXAbstract
Seed treatments with synthetic elicitor DCA were evaluated for their potential to induce resistance in pearl millet against downy mildew disease caused by Sclerospora graminicola Schroet. Disease resistance in plants is associated with the activation of a wide variety of defense responses that serve to prevent pathogen infection. Pearl millet seeds were treated with DCA at different concentrations viz., 10, 20, 50, 100μM for 4h. Among these, 100 μM was found to be optimum, and recorded significant disease protection compare to other concentrations, which revealed maximum germination of 93.7% and seedling vigor 1480 compare to control seedlings. DCA treatment also exhibited anti-sporulation activity under laboratory conditions. Under In-vivo conditions DCA primed seeds exhibited intense decline in downy mildew incidence with significant protection of 64.1% in 100 μM. Vegetative growth parameter studies revealed the enhanced growth of pearl millet when compare to control. Restorative activity of Seedlings sprayed with DCA solution reduced the severity of disease incidence of 33.9% with significant increase in disease protection. Time-gap studies revealed, seed treatment increased disease resistance four days after inoculation. Additionally, Pearl millet seedlings raised after seed treatment with 100μM DCA showed an increased level of the defense-related enzymes: Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and Lipoxygenase, compared with the untreated control. The significant PAL activity was observed at 12h with 4.05U hai and enhanced LOX activity of 5.7U hai was found at 48h.
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