Diversity and Ethnobotanical study of Genus Leucas R.Br. in Marathwada Region, Maharashtra, India
Keywords:
Leucas, Lamiaceae, Ethnobotany, Marathwada region, Plant diversity, Traditional medicineAbstract
The genus Leucas R.Br. (Lamiaceae) comprises aromatic herbaceous plants distributed across tropical and subtropical regions. India harbors over 40 species, representing a significant center of diversity. The present study was undertaken to document the taxonomic diversity and ethnobotanical uses of Leucas species in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra. Extensive field surveys were conducted between 2023 and 2025 across eight districts. Plant specimens were collected, preserved, and identified using regional floras and taxonomic keys. Morphological characteristics including leaf shape, inflorescence type, calyx morphology, corolla structure, and nutlet characteristics were analyzed. Ethnobotanical data were gathered through consultation with local informants and traditional healers. Seven species were recorded: L. cephalotes, L. stricta, L. wightiana, L. martinicensis, L. longifolia, L. clarkei, and L. nutans. Among these, L. cephalotes and L. martinicensis were the most widely distributed, while L. nutans showed restricted occurrence. Ethnobotanical survey revealed that these species are traditionally used for treating fever, cough, digestive disorders, wounds, and skin infections. The study provides baseline taxonomic data for further ecological, pharmacological, and conservation studies on the genus Leucas in the semi-arid regions of Maharashtra.
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