Management of Acute Renal Failure
Keywords:
Dietary management, Dopamine, Mannitol, Loop diuretics, DialysisAbstract
Management of ARF entails close monitoring of the patient, supportive therapy, nutritional management, dialysis, and target treatment of specific complications that may arise) The signs and symptoms of ARF reflect loss of the regulatory, excretory, and endocrine functions of the kidney. The loss of excretory ability of the kidney is reflected in a rise in the plasma concentration of specific substances, which are normally excreted by the kidney. The ARF management includes correction of fluid and electrolyte levels: avoidance of nephrotoxins, and a kidney replacement therapy.
Downloads
References
Abuelo JG. Diagnosing vascular causes of renal failure [published correction appears in Ann Intern Med 1995;124(pt 1):78]. Ann Intern Med. 1995;123:601–14.
Agrawal M, Swartz R. Acute renal failure [published correction appears in Am Fam Physician 2001;63:445]. Am Fam Physician. 2000;61:2077–88.
Albright RC Jr. Acute renal failure: a practical update. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001;76:67–74.
Bellomo R, Chapman M, Finfer S, Hickling K, Myburgh J. Low-dose dopamine in patients with early renal dysfunction: a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group. Lancet. 2000;356:2139–43.
Brady H, Brenner B. Acute renal failure. In: Kasper DL, et al., eds. Harrison’s Principles of internal medicine. 16th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001:1644–53.
Brent J, McMartin K, Phillips S, Aaron C, Kulig K. Methylpyrazole for Toxic Alcohols Study Group. Fomepizole for the treatment of methanol poisoning. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:424–9.
Briguori C, Manganelli F, Scarpato P, Elia PP, Golia B, Riviezzo G, et al. Acetylcysteine and contrast agent–associated nephrotoxicity. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:298–303.
Cantarovich F, Rangoonwala B, Lorenz H, Verho M, Esnault VL. High-dose furosemide for established ARF: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;44:402–9.
Denton MD, Chertow GM, Brady HR. “Renal-dose” dopamine for the treatment of acute renal failure: scientific rationale, experimental studies and clinical trials. Kidney Int. 1996;50:4–14.
Fomepizole for the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning. Methylpyrazole for Toxic Alcohols Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:832–8.
Galpin JE, Shinaberger JH, Stanley TM, Blumenkrantz MJ, Bayer AS, Friedman GS, et al. Acute interstitial nephritis due to methicillin. Am J Med. 1978;65:756–65.
Green GB, Coyne D. Renal disease. In: Green GB, Harris IS, Lin GA, Moylan KC, eds. The Washington manual of medical therapeutics. 31st ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004:252–71.
Kay J, Chow WH, Chan TM, Lo SK, Kwok OH, Yip A, et al. Acetylcysteine for prevention of acute deterioration of renal function following elective coronary angiography and intervention: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2003;289;553–8.
Kellum JA, Decker MJ. Use of dopamine in acute renal failure: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2001;29:1526–31.
Kodner CM, Kudrimoti A. Diagnosis and management of acute interstitial nephritis. Am Fam Physician. 2003;67:2527–34.
Martinez-Maldonado M, Kumjian DA. Acute renal failure due to urinary tract obstruction. Med Clin North Am. 1990;74:919–32.
Mehta RL, McDonald B, Gabbai FB, Pahl M, Pascual MT, Farkas A, et al. Collaborative Group for Treatment of ARF in the ICU. A randomized clinical trial of continuous versus intermittent dialysis for acute renal failure. Kidney Int. 2001;60:1154–63.
Mehta RL, Pascual MT, Soroko S, Chertow GM, PICARD Study Group. . Diuretics, mortality, and nonrecovery of renal function in acute renal failure. JAMA. 2002;288:2547–53.
Merten GJ, Burgess WP, Gray LV, Holleman JH, Roush TS, Kowalchuk GJ, et al. Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy with sodium bicarbonate: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004;291:2328–34.
Metnitz PG, Krenn CG, Steltzer H, Lang T, Ploder J, Lenz K, et al. Effect of acute renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy on outcome in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2002;30:2051–8.
Prins JM, Buller HR, Kuijper EJ, Tange RA, Speelman P. Once versus thrice daily gentamicin in patients with serious infections. Lancet. 1993;341:335–9.
Pusey CD, Saltissi D, Bloodworth L, Rainford DJ, Christie JL. Drug associated acute interstitial nephritis: clinical and pathological features and the response to high dose steroid therapy. Q J Med. 1983;52:194–211.
Schoolwerth AC, Sica DA, Ballermann BJ, Wilcox CS. Renal considerations in angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor therapy: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Council on the Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease and the Council for High Blood Pressure Research of the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2001;104:1985–91.
Singri N, Ahya SN, Levin ML. Acute renal failure. JAMA. 2003;289:747–51.
Star RA. Treatment of acute renal failure. Kidney Int. 1998;54:1817–31.
Tepel M, van der Giet M, Schwarzfeld C, Laufer U, Liermann D, Zidek W. Prevention of radiographic-contrast-agent–induced reductions in renal function by acetylcysteine. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:180–4.
Thadhani R, Pascual M, Bonventre JV. Acute renal failure. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1448–60.
Venturini CM, Isakson P, Needleman P. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced renal failure: a brief review of the role of cyclo-oxygenase isoforms. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1998;7:79–82.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Author
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If the material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/