Effect of physical and chemical mutagens on meiotic chromosomes in pollen mother cells (PMCS) during microsporogenesis and pollen fertility in Rivinia humilis L.
Abstract
The seeds of Rivinia humilis L. was subjected to the mutagenic treatment of three mutagnes i.e. gamma rays, sodium azide and ethylmethane sulphonate for the enhancement in dye content obtained from ripened berries. Effect of all the three mutagens on chromosomal aberrations induced in PMCs during microsporogenesis and effect on pollen viability was analysed. Different types of chromosomal aberrations from aberrant prophases, metaphases, anaphases and telophases of both the meiotic divisions in the PMCs from the mutagenized population were recorded. Aberrent phases of both the meiotic divisions have exhibited adverse effect on chromosomal entity by all the mutagens in dose/concentration dependent manner. Chromosomal abberations in gamma irradiated plants was ranged between 2.74-4.19 % frequencies, whereas, aberrant PMCs ranged between 16.49 to 24.69 %. Both, frequency of chromosomal aberrations and aberrant PMCs have linearly correlated the concentrations of both the chemical mutagens in all treatment modes. SA induced the chromosomal aberrations, in all treatment mode, in the range of 1.71 to 2.51%, 2.32 to 2.92% and 2.95 to 3.14 % in dry seed, 3h presoaking and 6h presoaking treatment modes, respectively, whereas, the same was induced by EMS in the range of 2.11 to 2.89 % in dry seed, 2.39 to 2.79 % in 3h presoaking and 2.64 to 3.10 % in 6h presoaking treatment mode. Traetment of gamma irradiation was found to be more effective than both the chemical mutagens, however, SA have more pronounced effect than EMS in inducing the chromosomal aberrations in PMCs and the aberrant cells. Effectiveness of both the chemical mutagens have increased with increase in presoaking of seeds in water for 3 and 6h. Precocious separation, single and multiple bridges, laggards and disturbed polarity were the frequently observed chromosomal aberrations. All the mutagens had adverse effect on pollen viability which was reduced to 50% at certain intances. Comparatively, gamma irradiation had more effectiveness than both the chemical mutagens, however, in case of chemical mutagens, SA was observed to be more effective than EMS. Increased period of pre-soaking of seeds in water, before the treatment of chemical mutagens, has enhanced effect on pollen viability. Potent effect of all the applied mutagens on meiotic chromosomes and the pollen viability clearly revealed that the genotype of the plant is highly sensitive to all the employed mutagens.
Keywords: Meiosis, aberrations, microsporogenesis, PMCs, sensitivity, mutagnes, Rivinia humilis
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Aney Avinash, Choudhary Arvind
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If the material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/
